How the Camel Got His Hump

Class-6 English-I Chapter-10

Chapter 10 (How the Camel Got His Hump)

Comprehension
A. Answer the following questions with reference to the context.

1. '...or he would have been here by now, so I am going to leave him alone, and you must work double-time to make up for it.'

a. Who does 'he' refer to here?
Ans: 'He' refers to the lazy Camel.

b. Whom does the speaker refer to here?
Ans: The speaker, the Man, is referring to the Horse, the Dog, and the Ox.

c. Who will have to work double-time?
Ans: The Horse, the Dog, and the Ox will have to work double-time.

d. Do you think the decision of the speaker was fair?
Ans: No, the decision was not entirely fair because it punished the three hard-working animals for the Camel's laziness. However, the Man had no other way to get the work done.

2. 'And the Camel said 'Humph!' again; but no sooner had he said it than he saw his back, that he was so proud of, puffing up and puffing up into a great big lolloping humph.'

a. What was the Camel's reply? Do you consider it significant?
Ans: The Camel's reply was 'Humph!'. It is significant because it is the only word he says, representing his lazy, dismissive, and uncooperative attitude.

b. What had caused this unusual occurrence?
Ans: This unusual occurrence was caused by the magic of the Djinn of All Deserts, who was punishing the Camel for his idleness.

c. What had happened when he replied?
Ans: When the Camel replied with 'Humph!', his back, which he was very proud of, began to puff up and swell into a large hump.

d. 'That's made a purpose,' said the Djinn, 'all because you missed those three days.' Explain the phrase 'that's made a purpose.' Which three days are being referred to here? How did this occurrence affect the camel?
Ans: The phrase 'that's made a purpose' means the hump was created for a specific reason. The three days being referred to are Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday, which the Camel had spent being idle. The occurrence affected the Camel by giving him a permanent hump, but also by allowing him to work for three days without eating, living off the energy stored in his hump.

B. Answer the following questions briefly.

1. Why did the camel always say 'Humph'?
Ans: The Camel always said 'Humph' because he was incredibly lazy and did not want to do any work. It was his only response to any request.

2. Would you consider the camel to be lazy?
Ans: Yes, the Camel was extremely lazy. He lived in the middle of a desert and ate sticks, thorns, and prickles, refusing to do any work for Man.

3. What did the horse, the dog and the ox say to the camel? What was his reply?
Ans: The Horse asked him to come and trot, the Dog asked him to come and fetch and carry, and the Ox asked him to come and plough. To all of them, the Camel's only reply was 'Humph!'.

4. How did the horse, the dog and the ox react to Man's words? Why?
Ans: They were very angry. They held a 'palaver' or meeting on the edge of the desert because they thought it was unfair that they had to work double-time to make up for the Camel's idleness.

5. What happened at the panchayat?
Ans: At the panchayat (meeting), the Horse, Dog, and Ox complained to the Djinn of All Deserts about the Camel's laziness. The Djinn listened to their complaints and decided to go and set the Camel right.

6. What happened at the Djinn's visit? What did the Djinn say when he heard their complaint?
Ans: When the Djinn heard their complaint, he said he would 'humph' the Camel if they would kindly wait a minute. He then travelled to find the Camel and confronted him about his laziness.

7. Who is a djinn? What did the Camel say to the Djinn when he went to him?
Ans: A Djinn is a spirit with magic powers in Arabian stories. The Camel just said 'Humph!' when the Djinn went to him and asked about his idleness.

8. What was the camel doing when the Djinn went to him? What was the camel's reply?
Ans: The Camel was looking at his own reflection in a pool of water. His reply to the Djinn was, as always, 'Humph!'.

9. What did the Djinn say to the camel? What happened to the camel?
Ans: The Djinn warned the Camel not to say 'Humph' again and told him to go and work. When the Camel said it again, the Djinn used his magic and the Camel's back puffed up into a great big hump.

10. Why was it necessary for everyone to work?
Ans: It was necessary for everyone to work because the world was new, and animals were just beginning to work for Man. Each animal had a job to do to contribute to the new world.

C. Answer the following questions in detail.

1. 'If you were in the place of the other three animals, would you have reacted in the same way?' Why/Why not?
Ans: (Personal response) Yes, I probably would have reacted in the same way. It is very frustrating and unfair when some people do all the work while one person is lazy but everyone gets affected. The three animals were right to feel angry that they had to do extra work because of the Camel.

2. What was the difference between the camel and the other animals?
Ans: The main difference was their attitude towards work. The other animals—the Horse, the Dog, and the Ox—were willing to work for Man from the beginning. The Camel, on the other hand, was lazy, lived by himself, and refused to do any work at all.

3. How did the Djinn punish the camel? Did the camel understand it?
Ans: The Djinn punished the Camel by magically giving him a large hump on his back. He explained that this hump was a result of his idleness. At first, the Camel was upset, but he began to understand when the Djinn explained that he could now work for three days without eating by living off his hump.

4. What is special about the hump of a camel?
Ans: The special thing about the hump, as explained by the Djinn, is that it is a store of food and energy. It allows the Camel to go for long periods (three days in the story) without needing to eat, enabling it to work continuously.

5. What lesson do we learn from the story?
Ans: The story teaches us that idleness is not good and has consequences. It shows the importance of being responsible, doing our share of the work, and not putting our burden on others. It also shows that there is a purpose to everything, even something that seems like a punishment, like the hump.

6. The writer keeps repeating the phrase 'when the world was new-and-all'. How is this significant in the story?
Ans: This phrase is significant because it sets the story in a mythical, fable-like time, almost like a creation story. It explains that this happened at the very beginning of time when rules and roles were being established. This setting makes the magical events, like the talking animals and the Djinn, believable within the context of the tale.

Vocabulary

A. Tick the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the word in capital letters.

1. LOATHE
☐ hate
☐ detest
✓ prize
☐ reject
2. PROSPER
☐ grow
✓ fizzle
☐ dishonor
☐ flourish
3. CONSENT
☐ discard
☐ surrender
✓ oppose
☐ approve
4. PROVOKE
☐ invoke
☐ insult
☐ aggravate
✓ soothe
5. ELIGIBLE
✓ disqualified
☐ undesirable
☐ proper
☐ suitable

B. Fill in the blanks unscrambling the letters below each word to spell a synonym of the word given above.

1. SCARED -> frightened (figrhetened)

2. DONE -> finished (nishifed)

3. SICK -> ill (lil)

4. LIGHT -> bright (ribhgt)

5. HUGE -> gigantic (angigcit)

C. Complete the following table.
Word Synonym Antonym
LIGHT bright dark
HUGE gigantic / vast tiny / small
easy simple hard / difficult
quiet silent noisy / loud
big large small
Language

A. Read each of the following sentences and write down simple present or simple past in the blanks given below.

1. Kirti saw a black cat cross her path. -> Simple Past

2. The little girl eats ice cream daily. -> Simple Present

3. My mother bakes a special cake on my birthday every year. -> Simple Present

4. My grandfather taught me tennis when I was a child. -> Simple Past

5. We hardly see birds these days. -> Simple Present

B. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in brackets in the past perfect tense.

1. I had never seen snow until I went to Shimla. (never see)

2. She had read the book and knew the story. (read)

3. When she fell in the lake she had not learnt swimming in school. (not learn)

4. Ayush had prepared for the test, so he answered all the questions. (prepare)

5. My mother was angry because I had missed the school bus again. (miss)

C. Complete the following story by using the correct form of the verb given in brackets.

I was sitting (sit) in the room after I had finished (finish) breakfast, waiting for the doorbell to ring. I did (do) my best and now there was (be) nothing to do but wait. Then the doorbell rang (ring). I reached (reach) it even before Mother entered (enter) the room. I opened (open) it to find my Father standing with a smile on his face. 'Congratulations! You have won the scholarship,' he shouted. I never felt (never feel) such relief in my life.

Pronunciation

Listen carefully to the stress patterns in words. For example, in the word 'present', stressing the first syllable ('PRE-sent') makes it a noun (a gift), while stressing the second syllable ('pre-SENT') makes it a verb (to give something).

  • desert (noun) vs. desert (verb)
  • contact (noun) vs. contact (verb)
  • refuse (noun) vs. refuse (verb)
  • subject (noun) vs. subject (verb)
Listening

Listen carefully to a passage and then complete the following sentences.

1. The camel is a useful animal.

2. Camels can travel great distances with little food or water.

3. The camel carries its own food supply on its back in the form of a hump.

4. The hump of the camel is made of fat.

Writing

Write a review of the film you had last seen for the class magazine.

Film Review: 'The Lion King' (Live-Action)

Movie Title: The Lion King (2019)
Release Date: July 19, 2019
Cast: Donald Glover (Simba), Beyoncé Knowles-Carter (Nala), James Earl Jones (Mufasa)
Storyline: This film is a visually stunning remake of the animated classic. It tells the story of a young lion prince, Simba, who is destined to rule the Pride Lands. However, after his evil uncle Scar murders his father Mufasa and tricks Simba into thinking it was his fault, Simba flees into exile. He befriends the hilarious duo Timon and Pumbaa and grows up carefree, until his past catches up with him and he must return to reclaim his kingdom.

Critical Appreciation: The structure of the film closely follows the original, which is both a strength and a weakness. The beginning is powerful with the iconic 'Circle of Life' sequence, the middle is fun and emotional, and the end is a triumphant climax. The direction and cinematography are the film's biggest highlights; the photo-realistic animals and African landscapes are breathtakingly beautiful. The acting, particularly the voice work, is superb, with James Earl Jones reprising his role as Mufasa perfectly. The music, blending old classics with new songs, is another strong point.

Overall, while it doesn't quite capture the same emotional expression as the animated original, 'The Lion King' is a visual masterpiece and a worthy retelling of a timeless story.

Activity

(This is a research activity for the class.) The task is for students to work in groups to research different aspects of the camel, such as its habitat, diet, physical features, and its importance to desert cultures, and then present their findings on a wall magazine under the heading "The Ship of the Desert."

Additional Questions

A. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. In the beginning of the story, where did the Camel live?
☐ At the edge of the desert
✓ In the middle of a Howling Desert
☐ In a stable with the Horse
2. What did the Camel eat in the desert?
☐ Grass and hay
☐ Dates and figs
✓ Sticks and thorns and tamarisks and milkweed and prickles
3. What did the Horse have on its back on Monday morning?
✓ A saddle
☐ A yoke
☐ A stick
4. What was the Dog carrying in his mouth?
☐ A bone
✓ A stick
☐ A ball
5. What did the Man say the three animals must do to make up for the Camel's idleness?
☐ Complain to the Djinn
✓ Work double-time
☐ Find a new animal
6. Who was the Djinn in charge of?
☐ All Animals
☐ The Howling Desert
✓ All Deserts
7. How did the Djinn travel?
✓ By rolling in a cloud of dust
☐ By riding a magical horse
☐ By walking
8. What was the Camel looking at when the Djinn found him?
☐ The three animals working
☐ The Man giving orders
✓ His own reflection in a pool of water
9. The Djinn gave the Camel a hump for missing how many days of work?
☐ One day
✓ Three days
☐ A week
10. According to the Djinn, what can the Camel do now with his hump?
☐ Carry heavy loads
✓ Work for three days without eating
☐ Find his way in the desert
11. At the end of the story, what has the Camel not yet learned to do?
☐ Work hard
☐ Find food
✓ Behave
12. What name do we now call the Camel's 'humph'?
☐ A bump
✓ A hump
☐ A lump
13. The story is a type of tale known as a...
☐ Mystery
✓ Fable or "Just So Story"
☐ Historical fiction
14. What did the Djinn do with his chin in his hand while thinking?
☐ Stroked his beard
✓ Began to think with a great Magic
☐ Tapped his foot
15. The three animals complained about the Camel on the edge of the...
☐ Forest
✓ Desert
☐ River

B. Fill in the Blanks

1. In the beginning of years, when the world was so new-and-all, and the _______________ were just beginning to work for Man.

Ans: Animals

2. He lived in the middle of a Howling Desert because he did not want to _______________.

Ans: work

3. The Man called the Horse and the Dog and the Ox together, and said, 'Three, O Three, I'm very _______________ for you'.

Ans: sorry

4. The three were very angry, and they held a _______________ on the edge of the Desert.

Ans: palaver

5. The Djinn rolled himself up in his dust-cloak and took a bearing across the desert, and found the Camel looking at his own _______________ in a pool of water.

Ans: reflection

6. The Camel's hump is an ugly hump which you may see at the _______________.

Ans: Zoo

7. But he has never yet _______________ up with the three days that he missed.

Ans: caught

8. You've given the three _______________ work ever since Monday morning.

Ans: extra

9. The Camel was proud of his back, puffing it up into a great big _______________ humph.

Ans: lolloping

10. The Djinn sat down, with his chin in his hand, and began to think a great _______________.

Ans: Magic

C. Short Answer Type Questions (1 Mark)

1. What is a 'Howler'?
Ans: The story says the Camel was a 'Howler' himself, which likely means he lived in a 'Howling Desert'.

2. What work did the Horse do?
Ans: The Horse's work was to trot.

3. What work did the Dog do?
Ans: The Dog's work was to fetch and carry.

4. What work did the Ox do?
Ans: The Ox's work was to plough.

5. Who was the Djinn of All Deserts?
Ans: He was a magical being in charge of all the deserts.

6. What was the Camel doing when the three animals first came to him?
Ans: He was eating sticks, thorns, and other desert plants.

7. What did the Djinn ask the Camel first upon finding him?
Ans: He asked the Camel why he wasn't working.

8. What was the Djinn's 'magic'?
Ans: He was able to think and create things, like the hump, through magic.

9. What was the Camel proud of before he got his hump?
Ans: He was proud of his back.

10. What does 'lolloping' mean?
Ans: It means moving in a clumsy, bounding way, describing the appearance of the growing hump.

11. Did the hump appear because the Camel asked for it?
Ans: No, the Djinn said the hump appeared because the Camel brought it upon himself by being lazy.

12. What day of the week was it when the Djinn punished the Camel?
Ans: It was Thursday.

13. When had the work begun for the animals?
Ans: The work had begun on Monday morning.

14. Has the Camel ever caught up with the three days he missed?
Ans: No, according to the story, he has never yet caught up with the three days he missed.

15. What do we call the 'humph' now?
Ans: We call it the 'hump' so as not to hurt his feelings.

16. What was the Ox's complaint to the Djinn?
Ans: The Ox complained that the Camel wouldn't plough.

17. What did the Camel have on his back on Thursday?
Ans: He had a great big lolloping humph.

18. Who told the Camel to "go and join the Three"?
Ans: The Djinn told him to go and join the three working animals.

19. What does the story say is the reason we call it a "hump" now?
Ans: We call it a "hump" so we don't hurt the Camel's feelings.

20. What is a 'palaver'?
Ans: A palaver is a long meeting or discussion.

D. Medium Answer Type Questions (2-3 Marks)

1. Why is the camel sometimes called 'the ship of the desert'?
Ans: The camel is called 'the ship of the desert' because of its incredible ability to travel for long distances across harsh desert conditions with little food or water. Like a ship crossing an ocean, a camel can carry heavy loads of goods and people across the vast 'sea' of sand.

2. Describe the 'palaver' held by the three animals. What was the outcome?
Ans: The palaver was a meeting or discussion held by the Horse, the Dog, and the Ox at the edge of the desert. They were very angry because the Man had told them they had to work double-time to make up for the Camel's laziness. The outcome of the palaver was the arrival of the Djinn of All Deserts, to whom they complained about the Camel.

3. How does the Djinn's character represent a form of justice in the story?
Ans: The Djinn represents a magical and fair form of justice. He listens to the complaints of the hard-working animals and investigates the matter himself. His punishment for the Camel is not just a penalty but a logical consequence: because the Camel refused to work, he is given a physical feature (the hump) that forces him to work and catch up. The punishment perfectly fits the 'crime' of idleness.

4. What does the Camel's action of looking at his reflection in the water tell us about his character?
Ans: This action reveals the Camel's vanity and self-absorption. While the other animals are working hard, he is idly admiring himself. He is so proud of his back and his appearance that he spends his time looking at his reflection instead of contributing. This vanity makes the Djinn's punishment—giving him an "ugly" hump on that very back—even more fitting.

5. The Djinn tells the Camel, "That's your very own humph that you've brought upon your very own self by not working." Explain what he means.
Ans: The Djinn means that the hump is a direct and physical consequence of the Camel's own laziness. It wasn't a random punishment. By refusing to work for three days, the Camel created a 'debt' of work. The hump, which stores energy, is the physical representation of that missed work, which he now carries on his back forever.

6. Is the hump a punishment or a tool? Discuss.
Ans: The hump is both a punishment and a tool. It is a punishment because it is an "ugly" permanent mark of the Camel's past laziness, and he can never get rid of it. However, it is also a very useful tool, as the Djinn explains. It allows the Camel to "live on his humph" and work for three days without eating, making him perfectly suited for his desert environment. So, the punishment also came with a practical benefit.

7. Why did the Man feel sorry for the three animals but not for the Camel?
Ans: The Man felt sorry for the Horse, Dog, and Ox because he recognized they were hard-working and was asking them to do an unfair amount of extra work. He did not feel sorry for the Camel because the "Humph-thing in the Desert can't work," and he decided to leave the lazy animal alone rather than force him.

8. The Djinn says the Camel can now "go and join the Three." What does this signify?
Ans: This signifies the end of the Camel's isolation and idleness. By giving him the hump, the Djinn has equipped him to finally contribute and do his share of the work alongside the other animals. It marks the Camel's integration into the working world that he had previously refused to be a part of.

9. How does the story use humour to convey its moral?
Ans: The story uses humour through its whimsical, fable-like tone. The idea of animals talking, holding a panchayat, and a magical Djinn who punishes a lazy camel with a "lolloping humph" is inherently funny. The Camel's single, repetitive answer, "Humph!", is also comical. This light-hearted and amusing approach makes the serious moral about the consequences of laziness more entertaining and memorable for the reader.

10. What does the final sentence, "But he has never yet learned how to behave," tell us about the Camel?
Ans: This final sentence adds a touch of realism and humour to the fable. It tells us that while the Camel was forced to work and given the means to do so (his hump), his fundamental grumpy and uncooperative personality didn't completely change. He learned to do his job, but he never learned to be polite or cheerful about it, thus preserving some of his original 'Humph!' attitude.

11. Why did the Horse complain about his long legs?
Ans: The Horse mentioned his long legs when complaining to the Djinn. He was likely implying that it's unfair for an animal with long legs, built for trotting and running, to have his time wasted because of a lazy animal in the middle of the desert.

12. How did the Djinn know the Camel's name without being told?
Ans: As the Djinn in Charge of All Deserts, he possessed magical knowledge. He would have known about all the creatures living in his domain, including the lazy Camel, even before the other animals complained about him.

13. Explain what the Djinn means by "Bubbles".
Ans: When the Djinn calls the Camel's reflection "Bubbles," he is likely mocking the Camel's vanity. He is suggesting that the reflection the Camel is so proud of is as empty, temporary, and meaningless as a bubble.

14. Why did the Djinn say the Camel would be able to live on his hump?
Ans: The Djinn explained that the hump was a consequence of the three days of missed work. Therefore, it would function as a food store, allowing the Camel to draw energy from it and work for three days without needing to eat, thus catching up on his missed duties.

15. How does the story's ending connect to the real world?
Ans: The ending connects to the real world by humorously acknowledging that the hump we see on camels at the zoo today is the very same "humph" from the story. It playfully maintains the fiction that this feature is a result of the Camel's ancient laziness and that his grumpy behaviour persists to this day.

E. Long Answer Type Questions (5 Marks)

1. This story is a 'Just So Story' or a fable that explains how something came to be. Explain how this story imaginatively describes the origin and purpose of a camel's hump.
Ans: This story is a classic example of a 'Just So Story,' which creates a fantastical and imaginative explanation for a real-world feature. The story explains the origin of the camel's hump not through science, but through a moral tale. It suggests the hump was not a natural feature but a magical punishment for laziness. When the world was new, the Camel refused to work, only saying "Humph!". As a consequence, the powerful Djinn of All Deserts transformed the Camel's pride in his smooth back into a large "humph," or hump.

The story also imaginatively explains the hump's purpose. The Djinn declares that because the Camel missed three days of work, his hump will now serve as a food and energy store, allowing him to work for three days without eating. This cleverly connects the consequence (the hump) to the original 'crime' (three missed days of work) and provides a memorable, if unscientific, reason for the camel's incredible endurance in the desert.

2. Discuss the roles of the Man, the three animals, and the Djinn in teaching the Camel his lesson.
Ans: Each character plays a crucial role in the story.

  • The Man: He represents order and the need for work in the "new world." He is the one who assigns tasks, but he is not all-powerful. When the Camel refuses to cooperate, the Man's solution is imperfect—he unfairly burdens the other animals. This shows the limits of ordinary authority.
  • The Three Animals (Horse, Dog, and Ox): They represent diligence, responsibility, and the collective group that is wronged by an individual's laziness. They try to persuade the Camel to join them but are met with dismissal. Their anger and complaint are what set the wheels of justice in motion. They are the ones who appeal to a higher power.
  • The Djinn: He represents ultimate authority and magical justice. He is the problem-solver who can deal with the uncooperative Camel. Unlike the Man, he doesn't punish the innocent. His solution is both a direct punishment for the Camel and a practical tool that corrects the problem. He acts as the final arbiter who restores balance to the world.
Together, these characters create a system where a problem (laziness) is identified, reported, and ultimately resolved by a just and powerful authority.

3. The Camel's only word is "Humph!". What does this word represent, and how does it lead to his transformation?
Ans: The word "Humph!" is more than just a sound; it is a symbol of the Camel's entire attitude. It represents laziness, arrogance, dismissal of others, and a complete refusal to cooperate or be part of the community. It's a wall he puts up against any form of responsibility. When the Horse, Dog, and Ox approach him, his "Humph!" is a clear rejection of their work ethic and their request for him to contribute.

This single word directly leads to his transformation. The Djinn warns him about the consequences of his idleness, telling him to stop saying the word. The Camel, in his pride and foolishness, says "Humph!" one last time. This final act of defiance triggers the Djinn's magic, causing his back to puff up into the very thing his word sounds like: a "great big lolloping humph." In this way, his negative attitude is literally turned into a permanent physical feature on his body, transforming him forever.

4. "But he has never yet caught up the three days that he missed at the beginning of the world, and he has never yet learned how to behave." Discuss the meaning and significance of this concluding statement.
Ans: This concluding statement is significant because it adds a layer of realistic humour and depth to the fable. It means two things. First, the "three days he missed" symbolize the permanent consequence of his past laziness. No matter how hard he works now, he can never erase that initial deficit; the hump is a perpetual reminder of his lost time. It teaches that some consequences of our actions are irreversible.

Second, the phrase "he has never yet learned how to behave" is a comical observation on personality. It suggests that while the Camel was forced to change his actions (he now works), his fundamental nature remains grumpy, stubborn, and ill-tempered. This makes the character more believable and relatable. It implies that external punishment can enforce compliance, but it doesn't always change a person's inner attitude. The Camel works, but he likely still "humphs" in spirit.

5. Analyse the story as a lesson about responsibility and community. How does the Camel's behavior affect others, and what does the story say about the importance of doing one's part?
Ans: The story is a powerful lesson about the importance of responsibility within a community. In the "new world," every animal has a role to play for the collective good, working for Man. The Horse, Dog, and Ox all accept their responsibilities. The Camel, however, chooses to isolate himself and shirk his duties.

His behavior directly and negatively affects the community. Because he refuses to work, the Man unfairly declares that the other three must "work double-time to make up for it." This shows a key principle: one person's idleness places an extra burden on everyone else. The anger of the three animals is justified, as they are being punished for the Camel's laziness.

The story's ultimate resolution, where the Djinn forces the Camel to work, reinforces the idea that everyone must do their part. The Djinn's magic ensures that the Camel can no longer be a drain on the community. It sends a clear message that being part of a society means contributing to it, and that refusing to do so will eventually lead to negative consequences for the individual.

6. What is the significance of the Djinn's 'dust-cloak'? How does it relate to his character and powers?
Ans: The Djinn's 'dust-cloak' is significant as it visually represents his connection to the desert and his magical nature. When he travels, he "rolled in a cloud of dust," and when he appears before the three animals, he materializes from this cloud. The cloak is not just clothing but a part of his essence as the spirit of the desert. It symbolizes his power over the elements of his domain (sand and dust) and his ability to appear and disappear at will, reinforcing his mysterious and all-powerful character as a Djinn.

7. Compare the Man's leadership style with the Djinn's. Who is more effective and why?
Ans: The Man's leadership style is practical but flawed. He gives orders and expects them to be followed. When faced with the Camel's defiance, his solution is to punish the diligent workers by making them do more, which is unfair and causes resentment. He is an ordinary authority figure with limited power.

The Djinn's leadership style is one of ultimate, magical justice. He is far more effective. He first investigates the complaint, then directly confronts the lazy party. His solution is targeted, creative, and serves a dual purpose: it is both a punishment (the ugly hump) and a practical tool that corrects the problem (enabling the Camel to work without stopping). The Djinn solves the root of the problem, whereas the Man only deals with the symptom (the unfinished work).

8. Discuss the theme of Pride in the story, focusing on the Camel. How does his pride lead to his downfall (and transformation)?
Ans: Pride is a central theme in the Camel's character. The story states that he was "so proud of" his back before it was transformed. His idleness seems to stem from a sense of superiority; he sees himself as above the menial tasks of trotting, fetching, and ploughing. This is further shown by his vain act of admiring his own reflection in the water. His pride is also evident in his stubborn refusal to cooperate, even when confronted by the powerful Djinn. It is this final act of prideful defiance—saying "Humph!" one last time—that directly leads to his downfall. The Djinn's magic transforms the very thing he was proud of (his smooth back) into the "ugly" hump, a permanent and humbling reminder of the consequences of his arrogance.

9. How does Rudyard Kipling use repetitive phrases and a storytelling tone to make this story feel like an ancient fable?
Ans: Kipling masterfully uses several literary techniques to give the story an ancient, oral storytelling feel. The most obvious is the repetition of key phrases like "when the world was new-and-all," which sets the story in a mythical past. The Camel's constant, singular reply of "Humph!" also becomes a rhythmic, predictable element, like a refrain in a folk tale. The narrator's conversational tone, directly addressing the reader (e.g., "now we call it 'hump' not to hurt his feelings"), makes it feel as if someone is telling the story aloud. These elements, combined with the magical character of the Djinn and talking animals, move the story from a simple narrative to a timeless fable passed down through generations.

10. If the Camel had agreed to work when the Djinn first asked him, what do you think would have happened? Write a short, alternative ending to the story.
Ans: If the Camel had agreed to work, the story would have had a very different, less memorable ending. The Djinn, seeing the Camel's change of heart, would likely have accepted his apology and simply instructed him to join the other animals.

An alternative ending could be:
...The Djinn looked at the Camel and said, "I hear you've done no work since Monday morning."
The Camel, seeing the powerful magic swirling in the Djinn's dust-cloak, felt a prickle of fear for the first time. He thought of the three extra days of work he had caused. Instead of his usual reply, he said, "You are right, O Djinn. I have been foolish and idle."
The Djinn was surprised but pleased. "Very well," he said. "Then there is no need for a 'humph' on your back. Go now and join the Three, and make up for the time you have lost. But remember, the world is a place for workers, not idlers." And from that day on, the Camel worked just as hard as the others, and his back remained as smooth and proud as ever. But he never forgot the lesson the Djinn had taught him.

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